Yesterday you have seen a Free Pascal sample code for calculating average of unlimited numbers using Lazarus. We have used a while do loop to calculate the final result. It is much more easier to create such a program in GUI (Graphical User Interface).
What we will do
In our little program we will have a EditBox. The user will type in the numbers and press enter. After pressing enter, the number will be automatically added to the list and the average will be calculated automatically.
We will need the basics of list management- adding item to list (because we will add the input numbers to a ListBox) and the basics of average calculation. And for enhancing the program we also add a Remove from list button [ - ] and a Clear button for clearing the list and starting new calculation.
Tutorial
Add a TEditBox, TListBox, 3 TButtons, 3 TLabels. Set their properties like the following:TEditBox:
Alignment : taRightJustify
Name : edtNumber
TabOrder : 0 (Because we want the focus to be in this component when run.)
TListBox:
Items : (Click the [...] button and clear all the lines)
MultiSelect : True
Name : ListBox1
TButton (1):
Caption: Add Number
Name: btnAdd
TButton (2):
Caption: -
Name: btnRemove
TButton (3):
Caption: Clear
Name: btnClear
TLabel (1):
Caption: Number:
TLabel (2):
Caption: The average is:
TLabel (3):
Alignment: taRightJustify
Autosize: False
Caption: 0
Font.Size: 18
Name: lblAverage
Position the components according to the screenshot.
Double click the btnAdd and enter the commands:
var
Number, Code : Integer;
begin
Val(edtNumber.Text, Number, Code);
if Code <> 0 then begin
ShowMessage('Enter only integers.');
end else begin
ListBox1.Items.Add(edtNumber.Text);
// Scroll to the last item of the listbox
ListBox1.TopIndex := -1 + ListBox1.Items.Count;
end;
edtNumber.Text:='';
edtNumber.SetFocus;
CalcAverage;
end;
Add the following procedure under {$R *.lfm} line:
// This procedure calculates the average of the
// numbers that are in Listbox1
procedure TForm1.CalcAverage();
var
sum: Integer = 0;
i: Integer;
count: integer; // how many numbers to average?
average: single; // we use single because average may have decimal places
begin
count := ListBox1.Items.Count;
if count <> 0 then begin
for i := 0 to count - 1 do begin
sum := sum + StrToInt(ListBox1.Items[i]);
end;
average := sum / count;
lblAverage.Caption := FormatFloat('0.00', average);
end else begin
// if there is no number in the list
lblAverage.Caption := '0';
end;
end;
Then keep your cursor on CalcAverage() and press Ctrl+Shift+C. A declaration for the procedure will be created at the top of the code / unit. We can now use the procedure in our code.
Select edtNumber and go to Object Inspector then click the Events tab. Click the [...] in front of OnKeyPress and enter the following command:
begin
// if the user presses enter...
if (Key = chr(10)) or (Key = chr(13)) then begin
btnAddClick(edtNumber);
end;
end;
It will add the number input to the list when user presses Enter key from keyboard. With the btnAddClick(edtNumber); the command in btnAdd's click event is run.
Double click the btnRemove and enter:
var
i: integer;
begin
if ListBox1.SelCount > 0 then begin
// we go through all the list items
For i := ListBox1.Items.Count - 1 downto 0 do
// if we found a selected item...
if ListBox1.Selected [i] then
// ...delete it
ListBox1.Items.Delete (i);
// Re-calculate the average after removal
CalcAverage;
end else begin
ShowMessage('Please select an item first!');
end;
end;
Double click btnClear and enter:
begin
ListBox1.Clear;
CalcAverage;
end;
Now Run the program (F9 or Run->Run).
Now input numbers and press enter. You will see the average of the numbers in the lblAverage.
The code is pretty much self explanatory. For further explanations of the code you can look at the average and list manipulation example. You can also extend the capacity of the program by by declaring sum, count, and average variable in the CalcAverage procedure, with a variable type of greater capacity.
Download Sample Code ZIP
Download the example source code zip file from here: http://db.tt/FlizcsXtOr here: http://bit.ly/10z6mZH
Size: 522 KB
The package contains the compiled executable EXE file.
